Abstract: We present a compendium of generalized expressions for the low-frequency voltage gain and terminal impedances of each of the three fundamental bipolar-amplifier topologies (i.e., common ...

A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is a device that can amplify signals thanks to its two p-n junctions and three terminals: base, collector and emitter. This device is operated by current. At the ...

IT is well known that changes in the d.c. characteristics of transistor amplifiers with temperature are particularly severe, and tend to limit the range over which these devices can operate. The d.c.

This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. Low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) form the input stage of the receiving part of nearly any communications system. The main ...

This article was updated April 11, 2023. It was originally published March 1, 2000. To help engineers and design teams get all the performance possible from servo systems, here are some of the more ...

iXblue provides state-of-the-art components, i.e Modulators and matching RF amplifiers for Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). QKD offers a forever privacy guaranteed by the laws of ...

In a recent post, we reviewed the basics of Spice circuit simulators. Most circuit simulations involve transistors, either as discrete components or within an integrated circuit. So it is useful to ...

Semiconductor companies have now had fully-differential amplifiers in their product lines for a few years, though these amplifiers have been in leading-edge electronics for decades. These diff-amps ...

Last time on Circuit VR, we looked at creating a very simple common emitter amplifier, but we didn’t talk about how to select the capacitor values, or much about why we wanted them. We are going to ...

If you got your start in electronics sometime after 1980 your first project might well have been to light up an LED. Microcontroller projects often light up an LED, too, and a blinking LED is ...