Stylized axon arbor of a neuron. Yellow circle: root vertex at the axon initial segment; red circles: bifurcation vertices; black circles: terminal vertices at the axon's synaptic terminals.

For decades, scientists have focused on amyloid plaques—abnormal clumps of misfolded proteins that accumulate between neurons ...

Additionally, removing cholesterol from the neuron’s membrane made it less stiff and more fluid-like, altering the axon’s shape and reducing pearling. Based on these results, Watanabe set out to test ...

Between the axon of a transmitting neuron and the dendrite of a receiving neuron is a gap called the synapse—the site at which signals are passed between the brain cells. The nervous system ...

In a study supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), researchers revealed the structural underpinnings of memory formation across a broad network of neurons in the mouse brain.

In some circumstances, remyelination fails, leaving the axons and even the entire neuron vulnerable to degeneration.

The researchers suspected that peripheral neuropathy is caused by the immune system, so used single-cell sequencing to detect changes in immune cells near sensory neuron axons in peripheral nerves.