For over a century, scientists have been captivated by the mystery of how mammals evolved from sprawling creatures resembling ...

The stapes, found in the middle ear, is the smallest bone in the human body. Measuring just about 3 millimetres in length, it is shaped like a stirrup and plays a key role in our ability to hear.

After discovering that so many of the participants in our MetA-Bone Trial had suboptimal vitamin D levels, we became interested in understanding how this nutrient might be affecting their gut health.

Mr. Shankar, a 24-year-old man, faced years of undetected hearing loss caused by otosclerosis, where the stapes bone hardens, impeding hearing. After a successful stapedectomy, his hearing was ...

Anatomy The incus sits between the other two bones, known as ossicles, of the middle ear. The malleus (“hammer”) is the outermost bone and the stapes (“stirrup”) is the innermost. The ossicles are ...

The Ossicles The ossicles are three tiny bones contained in the middle ear that are essential in conducting sound. They are called the malleus (the hammer), incus (the anvil), and stapes (the stirrup) ...

Their functions include supporting body structure, protecting key organs, and enabling the body to move. Also, it is in the bones that the body produces bone marrow and, from there, blood cells.

In this case report, we discuss a patient who presented with Tullio’s phenomenon, who also experienced bone-conduction induced seizures on two occasions. Tullio’s phenomenon refers to sound induced ...