When people hear about metal ion baths, chances are they are thinking about an ionic foot bath or an ionic foot detox. However, there are other practical applications for the ionization process. One ...

Ion beam-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (IB-MBE) combines ion beam technology with MBE to enhance thin-film growth precision. This technique utilizes controlled energetic ions to modify physical ...

This technique is significant in the development of advanced materials, particularly for applications in microelectronics, nanotechnology, optoelectronics, and renewable energy technologies. The ...