In Newen and Montemayor’s evolutionary framework, basic arousal developed first. It’s like nature’s security alarm, warning ...

When we think about how we exhibit emotions, what comes to mind? If we are happy and upbeat, we don a smiling face and enthusiastic tone of voice. Slumped shoulders and somber expressions expose ...

In math, a vector is a quantity that has a magnitude and direction. The word vector can also be used as a verb. To vector toward something is to guide your craft toward a particular destination. This ...

Purposes of pleasure and pain? Our conscious experience makes up our lives, often through positive pleasure: I feel the warm sun on my skin, I hear the singing of birds, I enjoy the moment. Yet we ...

Some recent studies proposed that consciousness emerges early in development, possibly during the third trimester of ...

People who are self-conscious already struggle with presenting themselves and interacting with others every day. It's even more difficult when faced with the questions deeply self-conscious people ...