Addresses the topics of probability, random variables, discrete and continuous densities, expectation and variance, special distributions (binomial, Poisson, normal, etc.), moment generating functions ...

Provides a one-semester course in probability and statistics with applications in the engineering sciences. Probability of events, discrete and continuous random variables cumulative distribution, ...

Continuous Variable: can take on any value between two specified values. Obtained by measuring. Covariance: a measure of the direction of the linear relationship between two variables. Discrete ...

Julie Young is an experienced financial writer and editor. She specializes in financial analysis in capital planning and investment management. Suzanne is a content marketer, writer, and fact-checker.

We adapt the expectation-maximization algorithm to incorporate unobserved heterogeneity into conditional choice probability (CCP) estimators of dynamic discrete choice problems. The unobserved ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Majors usually begin by taking the calculus sequence. By the end of their first year, it is highly suggested for students to take either of the introductory proof classes (Discrete Math or Number ...

In this paper we connect various topological and probabilistic forms of stability for discrete-time Markov chains. These include tightness on the one hand and Harris recurrence and ergodicity on the ...