One key reason your laptop might not boot up without a battery is the power settings in the BIOS or UEFI. So, make sure that power-related settings are correctly configured in the BIOS/UEFI. First, ...
Take it back out and see how it goes? If it works, go into the BIOS and make sure it is set to allow 'auto' or 'detect' graphics output method. It might still use the onboard output. You could try ...
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