Volcanic rock - Wikipedia
WEBVolcanic rocks (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) are rocks formed from lava erupted from a volcano. Like all rock types, the concept of volcanic rock is artificial, and in nature volcanic rocks grade into hypabyssal and metamorphic rocks and constitute an important element of some sediments and sedimentary rocks.
Types of volcanic rock - Science Learning Hub
WEBLava solidifies to rock. New Zealand has three main types of volcanoes, and each has been formed from a different type of magma. Once the lava has erupted, it cools and solidifies into rock: Basalt magma often forms shield volcanoes. Andesite magma often forms cone volcanoes. Rhyolite magma often forms calderas.
Lava | Types, Composition, Temperature, & Facts | Britannica
WEBSep 2, 2024 · lava, magma (molten rock) emerging as a liquid onto Earth’s surface. The term lava is also used for the solidified rock formed by the cooling of a molten lava flow. The temperatures of molten lava range from about 700 to 1,200 °C (1,300 to 2,200 °F).
Lava - Wikipedia
WEBLava is molten or partially molten rock (magma) that has been expelled from the interior of a terrestrial planet (such as Earth) or a moon onto its surface. Lava may be erupted at a volcano or through a fracture in the crust, on land or underwater, usually at temperatures from 800 to 1,200 °C (1,470 to 2,190 °F).
About Volcanoes | U.S. Geological Survey - USGS.gov
WEBMolten rock below the surface of the Earth that rises in volcanic vents is known as magma, but after it erupts from a volcano it is called lava. Magma is made of molten rock, crystals, and dissolved gas—imagine an unopened bottle of soda with grains of sand inside.
Igneous and Volcanic Rock Features - Geology.com
WEBWhen this mushy melt is found underground penetrating other rocks, it's called magma, and the solidified rock is termed intrusive. By contrast, molten material that has erupted onto the Earth's surface is named lava, which cools into what geologists call …
Volcano facts and information - National Geographic
WEBJan 15, 2018 · Lava rivers spread into bleak landscapes. But as time ticks by, the elements break down these volcanic rocks, liberating nutrients from their stony prisons and creating remarkably fertile soils...
Plate Tectonics and Volcanic Activity - National Geographic …
WEBApr 29, 2024 · A volcano is a feature in Earth’s crust where molten rock is squeezed out onto the Earth’s surface. This molten rock is called magma when it is beneath the surface and lava when it erupts, or flows out, from a volcano. Along with lava, volcanoes also release gases, ash, and, solid rock.
Lava Flows - Volcanoes, Craters & Lava Flows (U.S. National Park Service)
WEBApr 18, 2023 · Lava flow: An outpouring of molten rock from a vent onto Earth's surface during an effusive volcanic eruption; also, the resulting solidified body of rock. Composition and Viscosity. Together, composition and viscosity are two of most important characteristics of molten rock that determine the length and other characteristics of lava flows.
What's the Difference Between Magma and Lava? - National …
WEBMay 8, 2018 · If this molten rock makes it to the surface and keeps flowing like a liquid, it's called lava. Magmas vary in their chemical composition, which gives them—and the volcanoes that contain...